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Elegoo Centauri Carbon - Yocto Firmware Build

This repository contains a Yocto Project-based firmware build system for the Elegoo Centauri Carbon 3D printer family. The mainboard of these printers is powered by an Allwinner R528 SoC.

Unsure about what COSMOS is? Check the FAQ to learn more

Prerequisites

Before starting the build process, you need to install the required dependencies on your host system (Ubuntu/Debian is assumed):

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gawk wget git diffstat unzip texinfo gcc build-essential \
     chrpath socat cpio python3 python3-pip python3-pexpect xz-utils debianutils \
     iputils-ping python3-git python3-jinja2 libegl1-mesa libsdl1.2-dev \
     pylint xterm python3-subunit mesa-common-dev zstd liblz4-tool file locales \
     bmap-tools sunxi-tools

Build Configuration Options

Machine Selection (CC1 vs CC2)

The build supports different machine configurations for the Centauri Carbon variants:

Machine Description
centauri-carbon-1 Centauri Carbon 1 (default)
centauri-carbon-2 Centauri Carbon 2 (including C2, C2C, CC2C)

The default in build/conf/local.conf is set to CC1:

MACHINE ?= "centauri-carbon-1"

To build for CC2, specify the machine on the command line:

MACHINE=centauri-carbon-2 bitbake cosmos-image-usb

Image Type Selection (USB vs eMMC)

Choose the appropriate image type based on your target boot media:

Image Recipe Target Media Use Case
cosmos-image-usb USB drive Development, testing, or running from USB
cosmos-image-mmc Internal eMMC Production installation on printer internal storage

USB Image (cosmos-image-usb)

  • Boots from USB drive
  • Read-write root filesystem
  • Suitable for development and testing
  • Larger partition layout for USB storage

eMMC Image (cosmos-image-mmc)

  • Installs to internal eMMC storage
  • Read-only SquashFS root with overlay filesystem for /etc on /data partition
  • Optimized for production use
  • Includes A/B boot partition scheme for safe updates via swupdate

How to Build

  1. Initialize the build environment: Source the environment setup script provided by Openembedded Core to prepare your shell for BitBake.

    TEMPLATECONF="$PWD/meta-opencentauri/conf/templates/opencentauri" source openembedded-core/oe-init-build-env build

  2. Configure your target (if needed): Ensure MACHINE is set correctly in build/conf/local.conf:

    # For CC1 or CC2
MACHINE ?= "centauri-carbon-1"

  3. Run BitBake: Choose the appropriate image recipe for your target:

    For USB booting:

    bitbake cosmos-image-usb

    For eMMC/internal storage:

    bitbake cosmos-image-mmc

    Note: The first build will take a significant amount of time as it downloads and compiles all necessary packages from source.

Build Outputs

After a successful build, the output files are located in:

tmp/deploy/images/centauri-carbon-1/

USB Image Outputs

  • cosmos-image-usb-centauri-carbon-1.wic.gz - Compressed disk image for USB drives

eMMC Image Outputs

  • cosmos-image-mmc-centauri-carbon-1.wic.gz - Full disk image for eMMC
  • bootA.img - Extracted boot partition image (for swupdate)
  • bootlogos.img - Extracted boot logos partition image (for swupdate)
  • cosmos-image-mmc-centauri-carbon-1.squashfs - SquashFS root filesystem

Disk Space Requirements

Building a complete Yocto image requires a substantial amount of disk space. Based on current build sizes, you should expect the project directory (including downloaded sources, build artifacts, and caches) to use approximately 38GB to 40GB of disk space. Please ensure you have adequate free space before starting the build.

Running on the Centauri Carbon 1

USB Boot Method (Development)

Note that the current install requires having a serial UART connected to the CC1 motherboard, as well as a FEL USB cable attached. This will prevent the toolhead from being plugged in!

  1. Install built firmware image to a USB drive. (Warning: This is a destructive operation! Replace sdX with your actual USB drive device like sdb, sdc, etc.)

    sudo bmaptool copy tmp/deploy/images/centauri-carbon-1/cosmos-image-usb-centauri-carbon-1.wic.gz /dev/sdX

  2. Boot into FEL Mode. Connect via serial UART. Power on the printer and boot into the Elegoo u-boot, pressing any key to abort the normal boot process. Issue the following command to boot to FEL mode:

    efex

  3. Boot the new Yocto firmware image via USB from FEL mode. Run the following commands on your host machine to load the mainline u-boot:

    sunxi-fel uboot tmp/deploy/images/centauri-carbon-1/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin

    The mainline u-boot followed by the mainline Linux kernel should now boot! This will start up Klipper, Moonraker, Mainsail daemons, and a dropbear SSH server.

    Important: You need to unplug the FEL USB as it will conflict with the mainboard's ability to talk to the toolhead.

  4. Connect and Configure WiFi. Login as the root user via the serial UART console.

    Configure your WiFi SSID and password:

    wpa_passphrase "SSID" "password" > /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

    Then restart the WiFi adapter:

    ifdown wlan0 && sleep 5 && ifup wlan0

  5. Access the Printer Interface. Find the printer's IP address by running ip a. Access the Mainsail interface by visiting the printer's IP address via HTTP (port 80) in your web browser!

eMMC Install Method (CC1)

For installing to internal eMMC storage, use the swupdate-based installation:

  1. Build the cosmos target. This recipe depends on cosmos-image-mmc and produces the SWUpdate bundle: 
    bitbake cosmos
  2. Locate the generated .swu file in tmp/deploy/images/centauri-carbon-1/ (e.g. cosmos-centauri-carbon-1.swu).
  3. Copy the .swu file to a FAT32-formatted USB drive in the install_opencentauri folder, renaming it to update.swu.
  4. Insert the USB drive into the printer
  5. Import the IMPORT_ME_DO_NOT_PRINT file via the printer screen as you would for stock OpenCentauri

eMMC Install Method (CC2)

For installing to internal eMMC storage, use the signed archive installation:

  1. Build the cosmos target. This recipe depends on cosmos-image-mmc and produces the .zip.sig bundle: 
    bitbake cosmos
  2. Locate the generated .zip.sig file in tmp/deploy/images/centauri-carbon-2/ (e.g. cc2_eeb001_26.09.00.00.zip.sig).
  3. Copy the .zip.sig file to the root of a FAT32-formatted USB drive.
  4. Insert the USB drive into the printer
  5. Import the offline update via the printer screen

Configuration and Services

  • Klipper Configuration: In the current build, the Klipper printer.cfg is located in /etc/klipper/config/printer.cfg.
  • Services: Everything is running as an init.d service. You can restart Klipper by running: 
    service klipper restart

Troubleshooting Build Issues

Clean Build

If you encounter build issues, try cleaning the specific package:

bitbake -c cleansstate <package-name>
bitbake <image-target>

Full Reset

For a complete clean build (removes all build artifacts):

rm -rf tmp/
source openembedded-core/oe-init-build-env build
bitbake <image-target>